A study to compare the relative bioavailability of ParsDarou and Furiex tablet formulations of dapoxetine 60 mg in 24 healthy adult volunteers under fasting conditions
In an attempt to reduce the high heterogeneity, we carried out a subgroup
How does Priligy (dapoxetine) work for premature ejaculation?
Dapoxetine undergoes rapid absorption, elimination and dose-dependent pharmacokinetics, which are unaffected by multiple dosing. The unique pharmacokinetic characteristics might be the reason why dapoxetine is the on-demand treatment of choice for PE. Safety and efficacy data have demonstrated that dapoxetine use produces acceptable improvement in the IELT and PGIC with on-demand use. Thus, we also believe it is probably better suited as an on-demand treatment option for PE26. Our systematic review and meta-analysis has many drawbacks, the primary one being that this was a heterogeneous trial. analysis among studies involving the drug dosage used (30 mg versus 60 mg groups).
| Contraindication | Explanation | Precautionary Measures |
|---|---|---|
| Severe hepatic impairment | Impaired drug metabolism | Dose adjustment or avoid use |
| Concurrent use with MAO inhibitors | Risk of serotonin syndrome | Discontinue MAO inhibitors before use |
| Heart problems | Potential cardiovascular side effects | Consult physician before use |
| Allergies to dapoxetine or excipients | Possible allergic reactions | Discontinue and seek medical advice |
The heterogeneity was significantly decreased when comparing dapoxetine
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with placebo in the IELT by subgroup analysis.
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Mean IELT was also significantly increased in all the studies not included in this meta-analysis. Mirone et al22 performed non-RCT trials in 2014 that compared dapoxetine 30–60 mg with alternative care/nondapoxetine, the results revealed that dapoxetine for treatment of PE had a longer mean IELT. The integrated analysis from five trials by McMahon et al19 also showed dapoxetine 30 and 60 mg on-demand significantly increased mean IELT compared with placebo (1.9 minutes for placebo, 3.1 and 3.6 minutes for dapoxetine 30 mg and 60 mg, respectively). Our statistical results and subgroup analysis of PGIC demonstrated that dapoxetine was associated with a major improvement in PGIC. As shown in Figure 5, the overall RR was 2.14 (95% CI = 1.90–2.24) between dapoxetine and placebo, 2.01(95% CI = 1.69–2.38) between the dapoxetine 30 mg subgroup and placebo and 2.26 (95% CI = 1.91–2.67) between the dapoxetine 60 mg subgroup and placebo, respectively.
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Additionally, the present meta-analysis also demonstrated significant improvement in PGIC with 60 mg over 30 mg dapoxetine on-demand alone. Pryor et al9 thought that the PGIC condition as a study endpoint is informative with respect to men's perception to minor detectable changes in IELT. In other words, there is a positive relationship between the participants' PGIC ratings and mean change in IELT values. The present findings agree with the results of previous clinical trials that reported a similar improvement in PGIC with dapoxetine versus placebo or comparing 60 mg versus 30 mg dapoxetine9,10,11,12,13,16,17,18,19,20,21. This analysis revealed the incidence of total AEs was more frequent with dapoxetine than with placebo and more common with dapoxetine 60 mg than 30 mg.
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However, from a review of all the studies reported in the literature, AEs of dapoxetine are generally tolerable. In the integrated analysis of the McMahon et al16 study, total AEs occurred in 35.1%, 47.0%, 60.3% subjects with placebo, dapoxetine 30 mg and dapoxetine 60 mg on-demand orally, respectively. In Figure 7, the total number of AEs occurred in 49.1% (2601/5293) and 20.7% (1040/5017) of subjects treated with dapoxetine and placebo, respectively. In dapoxetine 5mg Figure 8, the total number of AEs occurring with dapoxetine 60 mg or 30 mg were 58.2% (1421/2441) and 36.6% (907/2476), respectively. The most frequently reported AEs were nausea, dizziness, headache, diarrhea and insomnia22,23. However, this heterogeneity of data still exists in the
- Co-administration with strong CYP3A4 inhibitors (e.g., ketoconazole, clarithromycin) requires dose reduction.
- In such cases, maximum dose should be 30 mg due to increased drug levels and side effect risk.
- Moderate CYP2D6 inhibitors (e.g., fluoxetine) also elevate dapoxetine plasma concentrations.
PGIC and AEs analyses, which we were unable to improve.
2. Pharmacological Profile of Priligy (Dapoxetine)
30 mg). This present plot demonstrated that a statistically significant difference existed between the 60 mg and 30 mg group in terms of the incidence of AEs (RR = 1.57; 95% CI = 1.31–1.89; P < 0.00001; Figure 8). Dapoxetine hydrochloride was the first drug originally approved for the on-demand treatment of patients with PE in 2008. Since then, it has received marketing authorization in 59 countries worldwide7,8. In 2011, McMahon et al.16 published an integrated analysis of results from five phase 3 trials attempting to explore the efficacy and safety of dapoxetine for treatment of PE and they proposed that dapoxetine significantly improved all aspects of PE and was generally well tolerated.
Statistical analysis
In 2012, McCarty et al17 published a systematic descriptive review and analyzed whether dapoxetine could be considered an efficacious and tolerable treatment for PE. However, no valid conclusions from these studies comparing 60 mg versus 30 mg dapoxetine could be obtained since these lacked strong statistical evidence. In this meta-analysis, in order to obtain a reliable and scientifically sound comparison of dapoxetine (30 and 60 mg) versus placebo and dapoxetine 60 mg versus dapoxetine 30 mg as on-demand oral treatment for PE, a precise search strategy was performed to include all relevant RCTs. Therefore, studies of patients with erectile dysfunction18, non-RCTs19 and studies including patients with chronic, daily oral treatment with dapoxetine20,21 were excluded from the analysis of patients with PE. Ultimately, seven RCTs met the inclusion criteria for the present meta-analysis.
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To our knowledge, this is the most recent systematic review and meta-analysis comparing oral dapoxetine on-demand with placebo and comparing dapoxetine dosages (60 mg versus 30 mg) for the treatment of patients with PE. The present meta-analysis for IELT demonstrated that on-demand oral treatment with dapoxetine had an advantage over placebo despite the different dosages (30 mg and 60 mg) used. It demonstrated that on-demand oral dapoxetine was an effective treatment for PE. In addition, our meta-analysis comparing dapoxetine 60 mg with 30 mg on-demand orally proved that there was a statistically significant difference in IELT between the both groups; thus, 60 mg dapoxetine had a longer IELT than 30 mg on-demand for PE. The present findings are in agreement with the results of previous clinical trials that have reported significant improvement in the sildenafil dapoxetine tablets IELT with the use of dapoxetine9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21. We believe this heterogeneity might have resulted in the evaluation
| Active Ingredient | Dosage | Form | Manufacturer | Approval Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dapoxetine Hydrochloride | 60 mg | Tablet | Pfizer | Approved in many countries |
| Route of Administration | Oral | Packaging | Various pharmaceutical companies | Approved for premature ejaculation |
| Storage Conditions | Room temperature | Shelf life | Approved by regulatory agencies | Keep away from moisture and heat |
of the PGIC value using a 7-point scale (from −3
- Dapoxetine 60 mg is supplied in tablet form, easy to swallow with water.
- Any sudden allergic reactions such as rash, swelling, or difficulty breathing require emergency care.
- This medication is part of a treatment plan that may include counseling or therapy.
- Dapoxetine is generally well-tolerated but requires medical evaluation before use.
- Use cautiously if you have a history of fainting or low blood pressure.
- The medication should not be used more than once within 24 hours.
- Discuss any past incidents of mood changes or depression with your doctor.
- Always confirm the authenticity of the medication before purchase to avoid counterfeit drugs.
= much worse to 3 = much better) and AEs
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Fortunately, the most common AEs with dapoxetine were mild or moderate in nature and were transient symptoms9,10,11,12,13,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,24,25. The present findings agree with the results of previous clinical trials that reported similar low incidence rates of side effects. Dapoxetine is a short-acting SSRI and doses of 30 mg and 60 mg have been evaluated through our meta-analysis. Peak plasma concentrations of dapoxetine were observed within 1.01–1.27 hours after oral administration24. The elimination half-life time is 1.3–1.4 hours and there appears to be very little accumulation24. that were assessed using a subjective evaluation by individual patients.
| Common Side Effects | Incidence Rate | Severity | Management Tips |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nausea | 10-15% | Mild | Take with food |
| Dizziness | 8-12% | Mild to Moderate | Avoid operating machinery |
| Headache | 5-10% | Mild | Hydration, pain relief if needed |
| Insomnia | 4-7% | Mild | Maintain a regular sleep routine |
Additional factors might have been potentially amplified heterogeneity; these include
- Prescription only in most countries; requires medical evaluation before initiation.
- A baseline assessment of blood pressure and cardiovascular risk is recommended.
- Regular follow-up every 3-6 months to monitor efficacy and side effect profile.
differences in treatment duration, individual differences and mental or physical conditions.
- Dapoxetine 60 mg is a medication used to treat premature ejaculation in men.
- It is classified as a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI).
- The recommended dose for most men is a 60 mg tablet taken 1-3 hours before intercourse.
- Dapoxetine is fast-acting, typically beginning to work within 30 minutes.
- Possible side effects include nausea, dizziness, headache, and insomnia.
- Dapoxetine 60 mg should be used under medical supervision to avoid interactions.
- It is not intended for daily use but on-demand treatment before sexual activity.
- Patients should avoid alcohol as it can increase side effects and reduce effectiveness.
Secondly, some of the included studies did not report the outcome measures; hence, the statistical results might be influenced by the statistical parameters used for calculations.
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A statistically significant difference was found in the subgroup treated with 30 mg dapoxetine compared with the placebo-treated group (MD = 1.16; 95% CI = 0.94–1.38; P < 0.00001). The subgroup analysis of the dapoxetine group treated with 60 mg compared with placebo also reporting IELT also revealed a statistically significant difference in patient response (MD = 1.63; 95% CI = 1.41–1.84; P < 0.00001). In addition, five studies9,12,13,14,15 including a total of 3346 patients, we pooled to compare IELT; patients were divided into two groups treated with either 60 mg or 30 mg dapoxetine. In the fixed-effect model meta-analysis of the five studies, the pooled estimates were statistically significantly different between the dapoxetine 60 mg and 30 mg groups (MD = 0.39; 95% CI = 0.23–0.56; P < 0.00001; Figure 4). This pooled analysis indicated that the dapoxetine 60 mg group was associated with a markedly longer IELT than the dapoxetine 30 mg group.
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Three studies9,12,13 including 2950 patients compared the PGIC in dapoxetine 30 mg and placebo subgroups and four studies9,10,12,13 including 3567 patients compared PGIC in dapoxetine 60 mg and a placebo subgroup. Pooled analysis indicated that when compared to the placebo group, there was a significantly higher proportion of PGIC in the dapoxetine group. The overall risk ratio (RR) was 2.14 (95% CI = 1.90–2.42; P < 0.00001). The subgroup analysis indicated a statistically significant difference between the dapoxetine (for both 30 mg and 60 mg groups) and the placebo group in PGIC (RR = 2.01, 95% CI = 1.69–2.38, P < 0.00001; and RR = 2.26, 95% CI = 1.91–2.67, P < 0.00001, respectively; Figure 5). In addition, data from three9,12,13 studies reporting PGIC compared dapoxetine dosages (60 mg versus 30 mg).
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These count data were extracted to perform a forest plot analysis, which showed that the use of dapoxetine 60 mg was associated with a significantly greater improvement in PGIC than when dapoxetine 30 mg was used (RR = 1.17, 95% CI = 1.09–1.25; P < 0.00001, Figure 6). Data from four9,11,12,13 and five9,10,11,12,13 studies reported AEs with sufficient data to generate a subgroup forest plot for dapoxetine 30 mg versus placebo and dapoxetine 60 mg versus placebo, respectively. Our pooled result of the meta-analysis showed that the number of AEs of patients in the dapoxetine (30 mg and 60 mg) group were significantly higher than those reported by patients in the placebo group (RR = 2.23; 95% CI = 1.66–3.01; P < 0.00001). The subgroup analysis indicated a statistically significant difference between treatment, with regards to 30 mg or 60 mg dapoxetine versus the placebo group in number of AEs reported (RR = 1.91, 95% CI = 1.36–2.70, P = 0.0002; and RR = 2.52, 95% CI = 1.58–4.02, P = 0.0001, respectively; Figure 7). Furthermore, AEs were assessed in six studies9,11,12,13,14,15 dapoxetine 60mg tablet price comparing two dapoxetine dosages (60 mg vs.
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